In response to the current large-scale urban construction waste disposal issues, the study utilized processed recycled construction waste aggregate and bamboo waste materials to produce bamboo fiber reinforced recycled aggregate ecological concrete. By varying the dosage of bamboo fiber in the recycled aggregate ecological concrete, the effects of bamboo fiber on the mechanical and vegetative performance of the concrete were analyzed using orthogonal experimental methods. The experimental results indicate that bamboo fiber enhances the toughness of ecological concrete significantly. Particularly, when the dosage of bamboo fiber exceeds 3.0 kg/m3, there is a significant enhancement in the tensile performance of the recycled aggregate ecological concrete. Due to the spatial network structure formed by bamboo fiber within the concrete, the highest tensile strength reached 4.71 MPa in the experiment. Furthermore, the test results showed that bamboo fiber recycled aggregate ecological concrete exhibits excellent vegetative performance. The study provides experimental and theoretical evidence for the application of bamboo fiber recycled aggregate ecological concrete in engineering. It also offers a viable solution to urban construction waste disposal problems and promotes the sustainable utilization and recycling of building materials.