In recent years, with the continuous expansion of highway bridge construction in China, there have been increasing demands from the public for improved road safety and protection capabilities of highway bridges. Traditional railing connection forms are no longer able to meet the growing traffic demands. To meet the protective needs of bridges with different structural forms, various bridge railing connections with different functions and forms have emerged both domestically and internationally. Currently, there is a lack of unified standards for selecting bridge railing connection forms in engineering projects, which hinders the effective utilization of the advantages of different connection methods. This article aims to analyze and evaluate different railing connection forms based on their protective effectiveness, structural reliability, construction convenience, ease of maintenance after collision, and other factors. By combining testing data on railings, it provides insights and references for further improvement and refinement of bridge railing-to-deck connections. By considering the advantages and disadvantages of different connection forms, this study seeks to contribute to the enhancement of bridge railing designs and facilitate the selection of appropriate connection forms based on specific project requirements.