With the rapid advancement of intelligent construction, intelligent development of highway infrastructures has emerged as a key research focus. This paper focused on the whole life cycle of intelligent construction of highway infrastructures and provided a comprehensive analysis of its current status, challenges, and future directions. The discussion was organized into five key areas: intelligent material design, intelligent structural design, intelligent construction management, intelligent inspection and monitoring, and intelligent maintenance management. In intelligent materials, the paper explored the application and recent advancements of the pavement material genome program. Regarding intelligent structures, the role of computer-aided design (CAD) in pavement structural design was emphasized. For intelligent construction management, the importance and impact of intelligent monitoring systems throughout the pavement construction process were examined. In the area of inspection and monitoring intelligence, the current development and potential of embedded sensing units in pavements were discussed. Finally, in intelligent maintenance management, the paper evaluated the effectiveness and potential of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) non-destructive testing technology in highway quality assessment. The findings reveal that although intelligent construction technologies have made progress in highway infrastructures, challenges remain, including incomplete technical systems, limited data integration, and high technical costs. The future of intelligent highway infrastructure construction should focus on standardization, technological innovation, and cross-domain collaboration, so as to establish an efficient, safe, and sustainable intelligent highway infrastructure system.