To study the influence of different mineral admixtures on the properties of shotcrete, the effects of four kinds of mineral admixtures including fly ash, silica fume, metakaolin, and carbon black on the rebound rate, one-shot thickness, and compressive strength of shotcrete were analyzed through tests on concrete rebound rate, one-shot thickness, and compressive strength. The results show that: ① as the content of carbon black, silica fume, and metakaolin increases from 5% to 10%, the rebound rate of shotcrete decreases by 25.76%, 16.46%, and 16.70%, respectively; ② carbon black and silica fume have a good effect on increasing the one-shot thickness of concrete. When the content of carbon black and silica fume is 10%, the one-shot thickness exceeds 35 cm; ③ carbon black can easily cause strength loss in shotcrete. The compressive strength of concrete added with 10% carbon black decreases by 10.7 MPa and 15.2 MPa after 7 days and 28 days, respectively. This study provides theoretical support for the application of fly ash, silica fume, carbon black, and metakaolin in shotcrete.