To study the long-term salt release characteristics of self-melting ice asphalt mixture and the impact of the complete salt release on pavement durability, an accelerated salt release method was developed using a Los Angeles abrasion tester. The salt release mechanism under varying asphalt types, deicing agent contents, and gradation types was revealed. The impact of the complete salt release on road performance was analyzed. Results show that the Los Angeles abrasion tester-based salt release method achieves 91 times and 114 times higher salt release efficiency than the magnetic stirrer and natural immersion methods, respectively. SBS-modified asphalt mixture exhibits a longer salt release duration. The salt release duration is proportional to the deicing agent content. The SMA-13 self-melting ice asphalt mixture shows relatively poor salt release uniformity. After complete salt release, the high-temperature stability of the self-melting ice asphalt mixture decreases by 31.6%, low-temperature performance by 15.4%, and water stability by 26.7%.